Features of complex therapy in the treatment of hip joint arthrosis

Osteoarthritis of the hip joint is a complex pathology that can cause dangerous health consequences.

To slow down its development and overcome dangerous symptoms, you need to see a doctor in time. Specialists will make the correct diagnosis and choose the appropriate treatment.

Clinical picture and pathological classification

This pathology is progressive and is accompanied by the destruction of the bones and cartilage of the hip joint. In medicine, this disorder is often referred to as coxarthrosis. It is classified in ICD-10 under code M16.

Most often, the pathology occurs in people over 40 years of age, and women are more susceptible to it.

In older people, this disease is associated with the natural aging of the body. In young people, the cause of the development of this disease can be a traumatic injury, excess weight, increased physical activity.

In the early stages of the disease, there is periodic pain in the joint area. Without adequate therapy, the disease progresses, which can cause disability.

Causes and provoking factors

Pathology has a gradual development and is associated with various factors. The following factors lead to the appearance of the disease:

1. Hormonal imbalance - may have an age or pathological character.
2. Violation of blood flow - occurs as a result of injury, increased physical exertion, vascular pathology.
3. Inflammation - can be observed with arthritis.
4. Excess body weight - increased load on the hip joint causes its compression and destruction.
5. Genetic predisposition - disorders in the structure of the femoral head often lead to arthrosis.
6. Increased physical activity - rarely triggers arthrosis, but can accelerate the onset of the disease with other adverse factors.
7. Traumatic injuries - these include sprains, fractures, dislocations.

Stage and type of arthrosis

There are several stages in the development of pathology:

1. The first stage - at this stage, uncomfortable sensations appear periodically. The provoking factor is prolonged physical activity. After a short rest, the discomfort subsides.
2. The second stage - the pain in the hip joint increases, affecting the groin and thigh. Discomfort also occurs during rest. After a long movement, lameness appears. At this stage, joint function suffers, motor activity decreases. Contractures gradually develop, muscle strength and mass decrease.
3. The third stage - the pain syndrome is permanent and appears even at night. Walking without crutches is very difficult. Movement is interrupted and sharply limited, there is hypotrophy of the muscles of the back, thighs and lower legs. When moving, one has to lean on the toes and lean towards the damaged part.
4. The fourth stage - at this stage, the hip joint completely loses motor activity.

Symptoms and manifestations

With the development of this type of arthrosis, the following manifestations occur:

1. Severe pain in the affected joint and knee area. Also, discomfort may occur in the groin. Pain is always present. With the severity of the disease, it affects the legs.
2. Violation of motor activity. Excruciating pain syndrome interferes with a person's ability to move. In this situation, he needs to use a crutch or crutch.
3. Shorten the affected limb.
4. Defects.
5. Irritation in the joints that appears with any movement.
6. Stiffness of movement.
7. Atrophy of muscle tissue in the thigh area - detected by X-ray.

Methods for diagnosing the hip joint

When making a diagnosis, the doctor takes into account the clinical manifestations of pathology, anamnesis, the results of the patient's external examination and instrumental studies.

To make an accurate diagnosis, do the following studies:

1. Analysis of patient complaints and external examination of the damaged area.
2. X-ray - with its help it is possible to identify the size of the joint space, bone growth, etc.
3. Ultrasound procedure.
4. Blood test.
5. Magnetic resonance imaging.

If necessary, the internal surface of the articulation is examined using an arthroscopic instrument. Differential diagnosis is carried out to exclude gonarthrosis, lumbosacral or thoracic osteochondrosis. Pain in arthrosis can be disguised as a clinical manifestation of radicular syndrome caused by pinching or inflammation of the nerve. It is usually possible to exclude neurogenic pathology with the help of several tests. Arthrosis of the hip joint must be distinguished from trochanteric bursitis of the hip joint, Bechterew's disease, reactive arthritis. To exclude autoimmune pathology, biochemical studies of blood and synovial fluid are carried out.

Treatment

To overcome arthrosis of the hip joint, it is necessary to choose a combination therapy.

General recommendations for daily routine and nutrition

In the early stages of pathology, doctors advise to make adjustments to lifestyle. This will help stop the pain and stop the progression of the disease. At this stage, it is usually enough to correct the lifestyle and adhere to a special diet.

The doctor recommends that the patient do special physical exercises. Equally important is dietary correction. If you are overweight, you definitely need to lose weight. Increased pressure on the joints will not make it possible to eliminate arthrosis.

The basis of the diet should be fish. You can also eat lean meat, beans, green vegetables, wholemeal bread. At the same time, it is recommended to leave fried food and fast food. You need to eat fractionally, in small portions.

Conservative therapy

Medical treatment aims to solve problems such as:

• relieves pain;
• normalization of tissue nutrition;
• stimulation of the regeneration process;
• better blood flow;
• reduction of pressure on the damaged area;
• joint space enlargement.

To solve this problem, you need to use the following categories of drugs:

1. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. These drugs relieve pain and inflammation. However, they cannot restore the damaged cartilage.
2. Chondroprotectors. They provide the tissue with nutrients and stop the destruction of the joints, which helps to restore their function.
3. Relax the muscles. With the help of such funds, it is possible to eliminate muscle tissue spasms and normalize blood flow in the tissues.
4. Creams and ointments. Such funds activate blood flow and eliminate spasms.
5. Steroid hormones. These drugs are injected into the joint cavity. Thanks to this, it is possible to overcome the exacerbation of the disease and eliminate severe pain.
6. Vasodilators. They contribute to the expansion of blood vessels in the joints and supply tissues with useful substances.

Folk and alternative ways

In addition to standard therapy, you can use the following tools:

1. Tinctures and decoctions for internal use. The basis of the fund can be lemon, mummy, honey, medicinal plants.
2. Ointment from natural ingredients. For their preparation, you can use eucalyptus oil, aloe, celandine.
3. Shower and compress. To stop the symptoms of arthrosis, compresses based on cabbage leaves and baths using Jerusalem artichoke can be used.

Physiotherapy

In the remission stage, physiotherapy is actively used:

1. Shock wave therapy - in this case, the body is affected by sound waves, which provide blood flow to the desired area. This increases the regeneration process of the dermis and stimulates metabolic processes.
2. Myostimulation - helps to restore the function of muscle tissue, which is weakened due to a forced decrease in motor activity.
3. Phonophoresis - under the influence of a special device, a special medicine in the form of an ointment or cream is injected into the affected area.
4. Ozone therapy - reduces discomfort and activates cartilage development. This effect is achieved due to the influence of ozone-oxygen composition.

Surgical method

With the ineffectiveness of conservative therapy, surgical procedures are prescribed:

1. Puncture - is to pump excess fluid from the joint. Thanks to this, it is possible to stop pain and normalize physical activity.
2. Arthroscopic debridement - involves cleaning the inner articular surface from cartilaginous elements and washing the cavity with a special solution.
3. Periarticular osteotomy - is an artificial fracture of the femur. After that, they are connected at different angles, which minimizes the load on the joints.
4. Endoprosthetics - in this case, the entire joint is replaced with a prosthesis.

It is impossible to restore cartilage tissue in joints damaged by arthrosis without prosthetic surgery, but with the right approach to treatment, compliance with all medical prescriptions, maintaining the right lifestyle, doing therapeutic exercises, regular massage courses, taking vitamins and proper nutritionthat's right, you can stop the process of damage and destruction of cartilage and hip joints.

Orthopedic items

Canes can be used to relieve pressure on the hip joint. In some cases, a person is advised to use crutches.

Often, people with this diagnosis are advised to wear a soft bandage. The use of orthotics helps to reduce the load on the affected area, protect it from dislocation and reduce physical activity.

Effect

In the most difficult situations, a person becomes disabled, loses his ability to work and cannot lead an active lifestyle. This situation is very dangerous for the elderly. If you don't help someone, their life expectancy is significantly reduced.

Prediction

Pathology has a good prognosis for life. In addition, the disease usually has a slow progression. However, in some situations there is a risk of aseptic necrosis of the femur, which is life-threatening.

Arthrosis of the hip joint is a serious pathology that can cause a complete loss of motor activity. To avoid this, you need to consult a doctor on time and strictly follow his recommendations.